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精品文档
翻译的基本技巧——语态转换译?/p>
语态转换译?/p>
1
顺译?/p>
1.1
顺译成被动句
1.2
顺译成主动句
2
倒译?/p>
2.1
?/p>
by
后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语
2.2
把其他介词后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语
2.3
倒译成汉语的无主?/p>
3
分译?/p>
一、顺译法
既保留原文的主语,又要使译文主要成分的顺序和原文大体一致的翻译方法就叫顺译法?/p>
1
顺译?/p>
(Translation in Original Order)
1. 1
顺译成被动句
A.
译成
“被?/p>
?/p>
所谓“被”字句,就是在汉语的动词前面加上一个“被?/p>
字来表示被动的句子。主要表?/p>
这个动作不利于受事者或这个情况有点特殊?/p>
或者出乎意料?/p>
加上
“被?/p>
字以引起读者的?/p>
意并表示“被”这一动作动作接受者(受事者)是不乐意或不情愿接受的?/p>
?/p>
1
?/p>
Vitamin C is destroyed when it is
overheated.
【译文?/p>
维生?/p>
C
受热过度就会被破坏?/p>
?/p>
2
?/p>
Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed
seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate.
【译文?/p>
花一旦被授了粉并受了精,
植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏,
以备种子未来发芽
之需?/p>
?/p>
3
?/p>
She thought all was fair and legal, and never dreamt she was going to be entrapped into a
feigned union with a defrauded wretched, already bound to a bad, mad, and imbruted partner!
(Charlotte Brontë: Jane Eyre)
【译文?/p>
她以为一切都是公正合法的?/p>
做梦也没想到过自己竟会被诱入欺诈婚姻的圈套,
?/p>
一个骗子、疯子、十足的坏蛋缔结姻缘?/p>
B.
译成
“挨?/p>
字句
“挨”仅用于翻译该动作是对动作接受者(受事者)不利或不好的句子?/p>
?/p>
1
?/p>
The boy was criticized yesterday.
【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评?/p>
?/p>
2
?/p>
I was caught in the downpour.
【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了?/p>
C.
译成
“给?/p>
字句
“给”也是用于翻译该动作对动作接受者(受事者)不愉快或不愿接受的句子?/p>
?/p>
1
?/p>
Our clothes were soaked with sweat.