涓�銆佸～绌洪
1
銆佸湪鍒嗘瀽杩囩▼涓紝鎵�鐢ㄧ殑璇曞墏涓惈鏈夊井閲忓緟娴嬬粍鍒嗭紝姝ゆ儏鍐典細閫犳垚锛?/p>
锛夎宸紝鍙?/p>
鍋氾紙
锛夎瘯楠屾潵娑堥櫎銆?/p>
2
銆佺敤
0.20mol/L NaOH
鏍囧噯婧舵恫婊村畾
0.10mol/L
鑽夐吀
(pK
a1
=1.22
锛?/p>
pK
a2
=4.19)
鍜?/p>
0.10mol/L
娲掔煶閰?/p>
(pK
a1
=3.04
锛?/p>
pK
a2
=4.39)
鐨勬贩鍚堟憾娑叉椂锛屽湪婊村畾鏇茬嚎涓婃湁锛?/p>
锛変釜婊村畾绐佽穬銆?/p>
1
3
銆佸啓鍑烘祿搴︿负
Cmol/L
鐨?/p>
NH
4
HCO
3
璐ㄥ瓙鏉′欢寮忥細
锛?/p>
2
鍐欏嚭
Cmol/L
鐨?/p>
Na
2
HPO
4
璐ㄥ瓙鏉′欢寮忥細
銆?/p>
2
4
銆佺幇鏈変竴宸ヤ笟搴熸按瑕佹眰娴嬮噺鍏?/p>
COD,
鍖栭獙鍛?/p>
A
閫夋嫨浜嗛珮閿伴吀閽炬柟娉?/p>
,
鍖栭獙鍛?/p>
B
閫夋嫨浜嗛噸閾吀
閽炬硶
,
鐜板湪瑕佽瘎浠蜂袱缁勫垎鏋愭暟鎹箣闂寸殑绮惧瘑搴︿笌骞冲潎鍊间箣闂寸殑宸紓
,
搴斿垎鍒�夋嫨
( )
娉?/p>
鍜?/p>
( )
娉曘�?/p>
2
5
銆佹淮瀹氳宸骇鐢熺殑鍘熷洜锛?/p>
銆?/p>
2
6
銆?/p>
H
3
PO
4
鐨勫叡杞⒈鏄?/p>
________
锛?/p>
NH
3
鐨勫叡杞吀鏄?/p>
______
銆?/p>
2
7
銆?/p>
_ ____
鏄�夋嫨鎸囩ず鍓傜殑涓昏渚濇嵁锛岄�夋嫨鎸囩ず鍓傜殑鍘熷垯鏄細鎸囩ず鍓傜殑
__ __
蹇呴』鍏ㄩ儴
鎴栭儴鍒嗚惤鍦ㄦ淮瀹氱獊璺冭寖鍥翠箣鍐呫�?/p>
2
8
銆佸奖鍝嶆矇娣�婧惰В搴︾殑鍥犵礌寰堝锛屽叾涓悓绂诲瓙鏁堝簲浣挎矇娣�鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害
______
锛岄吀鏁堝簲浣挎矇娣�鐨?/p>
婧惰В搴?/p>
_______
銆?/p>
鐩愭晥搴斾娇娌夋穩鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害
________
锛?/p>
缁滃悎鏁堝簲浣挎矇娣�鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害
__________
銆?/p>
2
9
銆?/p>
鎸?/p>
鍖?/p>
瀛?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
鍒?/p>
锛?/p>
婊?/p>
瀹?/p>
鍒?/p>
鏋?/p>
鍒?/p>
涓?/p>
锛?/p>
2
10
銆佹矇娣�閲嶉噺娉曞娌夋穩褰㈠紡鐨勮姹傦細
锛?/p>
2
瀵?/p>
绉?/p>
閲?/p>
褰?/p>
寮?/p>
鐨?/p>
瑕?/p>
姹?/p>
2
11
銆佷笅闈㈠彊杩版纭殑鏄細
2
A NaOH
婊村畾
HCl
锛岀敤鐢插熀姗欎负鎸囩ず鍓傦紝缁堢偣璇樊涓烘
B HCl
婊村畾
NaOH
锛岀粓鐐硅宸负姝?/p>
C
钂搁娉曟祴瀹?/p>
NH
4
+
鏃讹紝鐢?/p>
HCl
鍚告敹
NH
3
姘旓紝浠?/p>
NaOH
鏍囧噯婧舵恫鍥炴淮瀹氳嚦
pH=7.0
锛岀粓鐐硅
宸负姝?/p>
D NaOH
婊村畾
H
3
PO
4
鑷?/p>
pH=5.0
锛屽绗竴璁￠噺鐐规潵璇达紝缁堢偣璇樊涓烘
12
銆佷负涓嬪垪鎿嶄綔閫夊嚭涓�绉嶅悎閫傜殑瀹為獙瀹や腑甯哥敤鐨勭幓鐠冧华鍣紝鍐欏嚭鍚嶇О銆?/p>
锛?/p>
4
鍒嗭級
锛?/p>
1
锛夐噺鍙?/p>
9 mL
娴?/p>
HCl
鐨勯厤鍒?/p>
0.1mol鈥
-1HCl
婧舵恫锛岀敤
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊彇
25 mL
閱嬮吀璇曟恫锛岀敤
NaOH
鏍囧噯婧舵恫婊村畾鍏跺惈閲忥紝鐢?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夌伡鐑у悗鐨勫潻鍩氬湪
鍐呭喎鍗淬�?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛夌О鍙?/p>
CaCO
3
鍩哄噯鐗╂椂锛岃
CaCO
3
鐢?/p>
銆?/p>
13
銆?/p>
閰嶄綅婊村畾鏃堕噾灞炴寚绀哄墏鐨?/p>
K
MY
K
Min
,
绉颁负鎸囩ず鍓傜殑灏侀棴
,
甯搁�氳繃
娓呴櫎銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
鍒嗭級