绗竴绔?/p>
鐑姏瀛︾涓�瀹氬緥
鎬濊�冮绛旀
涓�銆佹槸闈為
1
锛?/p>
鈭?/p>
2
锛?/p>
脳
3
锛?/p>
脳
4
锛?/p>
脳
5
锛?/p>
脳
6
锛?/p>
脳
7
锛?/p>
鈭?/p>
8
锛?/p>
鈭?/p>
9
锛?/p>
脳
10
锛?/p>
脳
11
锛?/p>
脳
12
锛?/p>
脳
13
锛?/p>
脳
14
锛?/p>
脳
15
锛?/p>
鈭?/p>
浜屻�侀�夋嫨棰?/p>
1
锛?/p>
D
2
锛?/p>
D
3
锛?/p>
D
4
锛?/p>
C
5
锛?/p>
D
6
锛?/p>
B
7
锛?/p>
B
8
锛?/p>
C
9
锛?/p>
D
10
锛?/p>
D
11
锛?/p>
B
12
锛?/p>
D
13
锛?/p>
A
14
锛?/p>
D
15
锛?/p>
C
16
锛?/p>
D
涔犻瑙ｇ瓟
1.
璇锋寚鍑轰笅鍒楀叕寮忕殑閫傜敤鏉′欢锛?/p>
(1)
鈻?/p>
H=Q
p
锛?/p>
(2)
鈻?/p>
U=Q
V
锛?/p>
(3)
W=-nRlnV
2
/V
1
瑙ｏ細
锛?/p>
1
锛夊皝闂郴缁燂紝鎭掑帇涓嶅仛鍏朵粬鍔熴�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊皝闂郴缁燂紝鎭掑涓嶅仛鍏朵粬鍔熴�?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夊皝闂郴缁燂紝鐞嗘兂姘斾綋鎭掓俯鍙�嗚繃绋嬨�?/p>
2.
鐢ㄧ儹鍔涘姒傚康鍒ゆ柇涓嬪垪鍚勮繃绋嬩腑鍔熴�佺儹銆佺儹鍔涘鑳藉拰鐒撶殑鍙樺寲鍊硷細
(1)
鐞嗘兂姘斾綋鑷敱鑶ㄨ儉锛?/p>
(2)van der Waals
姘斾綋绛夋俯鑷敱鑶ㄨ儉锛?/p>
(3)Zn(s)+2HCl(l)===ZnCl
2
锛?/p>
l
锛?/p>
+H
2
(g)
杩涜闈炵粷鐑瓑鍘嬪弽搴旓紱
(4)H
2
(g)+C1
2
(g)===2HCl(g)
鍦ㄧ粷鐑挗鐡朵腑杩涜锛?/p>
(5)
甯告俯銆佸父鍘嬩笅姘寸粨鎴愬啺
(273.15K
锛?/p>
101.325kPa)
銆?/p>
瑙ｏ細
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
W=0
锛?/p>
Q=0
锛?/p>
鈻?/p>
U=0
锛屸柍
H=0
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
W=0
锛?/p>
Q>0
锛?/p>
鈻?/p>
U>0
锛屸柍
H
涓嶈兘纭畾銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
W<0
锛?/p>
Q<0
锛?/p>
鈻?/p>
U<0
锛屸柍
H<0
(4)
W=0
锛?/p>
Q=0
锛?/p>
鈻?/p>
U=0
锛屸柍
H>0
(5)
W>0
锛?/p>
Q<0
锛?/p>
鈻?/p>
U<0
锛屸柍
H<0
3.
鍦ㄧ浉鍚岀殑娓╁害鍜屽帇鍔涗笅锛屼竴瀹氶噺姘㈡皵鍜屾哀姘斾粠
4
绉嶄笉鍚岀殑閫斿緞鐢熸垚鐩稿悓缁堟�佺殑姘达紱
(1)
姘㈡皵鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛?/p>
(2)
鐖嗛福锛?/p>
(3)
姘㈡哀鐑垎鐐革紱
(4)
姘㈡哀鐕冩枡鐢垫睜銆傝闂繖
4
绉嶅彉鍖栭�斿緞鐨?/p>
鐑姏瀛﹁兘鍜岀創鐨勫彉鍖栧�兼槸鍚︾浉鍚?/p>
?
瑙ｏ細鐩稿悓銆?/p>
4.
涓�瀹氶噺鐨勬按锛屼粠娴锋磱钂稿彂鍙樹负浜戯紝浜戝湪楂樺北涓婂彉涓洪洦銆侀洩锛屽苟鍑濈粨鎴愬啺銆傚啺銆侀洩铻?/p>
鍖栧彉鎴愭按娴佸叆姹熸渤锛屾渶鍚庢祦鍏ュぇ娴枫�傛暣涓惊鐜紝姘寸殑鐑姏瀛﹁兘鍜岀創鐨勫彉鍖栨槸澶氬皯锛?/p>
瑙ｏ細闆躲�?/p>
5. 10mol
鐞嗘兂姘斾綋锛?/p>
濮嬫�佸帇鍔涗负
1000kPa
锛?/p>
娓╁害涓?/p>
300K
銆傚湪绛夋俯涓嬶細鍒嗗埆璁＄畻涓嬭堪閫斿緞
鎵�鍋氱殑鍔熴�?/p>