.
.
鏅朵綋缁撴瀯
1
銆佽В閲婁笅鍒楁蹇?/p>
鏅剁郴銆佹櫠鑳炪�佹櫠鑳炲弬鏁般�佺┖闂寸偣闃点�佺背鍕掓寚鏁帮紙鏅堕潰鎸囨暟锛?/p>
銆佺瀛愭櫠浣撶殑鏅舵牸鑳姐�佸師瀛愬崐
寰勪笌绂诲瓙鍗婂緞銆侀厤浣嶆暟銆佺瀛愭瀬鍖栥�佸悓璐ㄥ鏅朵笌绫昏川鍚屾櫠銆佹灏栨櫠鐭充笌鍙嶆灏栨櫠鐭炽�佸弽钀ょ煶
缁撴瀯銆侀搧鐢垫晥搴斻�佸帇鐢垫晥搴?/p>
.
2
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛変竴鏅堕潰鍦?/p>
x
銆?/p>
y
銆?/p>
z
杞翠笂鐨勬埅璺濆垎鍒负
2a
銆?/p>
3b
銆?/p>
6c
锛屾眰鍑鸿鏅堕潰鐨勭背鍕掓寚鏁帮紱
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
涓�鏅堕潰鍦?/p>
x
銆?/p>
y
銆?/p>
z
杞翠笂鐨勬埅璺濆垎鍒负
a/3
銆?/p>
b/2
銆?/p>
c
锛屾眰鍑鸿鏅堕潰鐨勭背鍕掓寚鏁般�?/p>
3
銆?/p>
鍦ㄧ珛鏂规櫠绯荤殑鏅惰優涓敾鍑轰笅鍒楃背鍕掓寚鏁扮殑鏅堕潰鍜屾櫠鍚戯細
锛?/p>
001
锛?/p>
涓?/p>
[210]
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
111
锛?/p>
涓?/p>
[112]
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
110
锛?/p>
涓?/p>
[111]
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
322
锛?/p>
涓?/p>
[236]
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
257
锛?/p>
涓?/p>
[111]
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
123
锛?/p>
涓?/p>
[121]
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
102
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
112
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
213
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
[110]
锛?/p>
[111]
锛?/p>
[120]
锛?/p>
[321]
4
銆佸啓鍑洪潰蹇冪珛鏂规牸瀛愮殑鍗曚綅骞宠鍏潰浣撲笂鎵�鏈夌粨鐐圭殑鍧愭爣銆?/p>
5
銆佸凡鐭?/p>
Mg
2+
鍗婂緞涓?/p>
0.072nm
锛?/p>
O
2-
鍗婂緞涓?/p>
0.140nm
锛岃绠?/p>
MgO
鏅朵綋缁撴瀯鐨勫爢绉郴鏁颁笌
瀵嗗害銆?/p>
6
銆佽绠椾綋蹇冪珛鏂广�侀潰蹇冪珛鏂广�佸瘑鎺掑叚鏂规櫠鑳炰腑鐨勫師瀛愭暟銆侀厤浣嶆暟銆佸爢绉郴鏁般�?/p>
7
銆?/p>
浠庣悊璁鸿绠楀叕寮忚绠?/p>
NaC1
涓?/p>
MgO
鐨勬櫠鏍艰兘銆?/p>
MgO
鐨勭啍鐐逛负
2800
鈩冿紝
NaC1
涓?/p>
80l
鈩?/p>
,
璇疯鏄庤繖绉嶅樊鍒殑鍘熷洜銆?/p>
8
銆?/p>
鏍规嵁鏈�瀵嗗爢绉師鐞嗭紝
绌洪棿鍒╃敤鐜囪秺楂橈紝
缁撴瀯瓒婄ǔ瀹氾紝
閲戦挗鐭崇粨鏋勭殑绌洪棿鍒╃敤鐜囧緢浣?/p>
(
鍙?/p>
鏈?/p>
34.01
锛?/p>
)
锛屼负浠�涔堝畠涔熷緢绋冲畾
?
9
銆佽瘉鏄庣瓑寰勫渾鐞冮潰蹇冪珛鏂规渶瀵嗗爢绉殑绌洪殭鐜囦负
25
锛?/p>
9
锛咃紱
10
銆侀噾灞為晛鍘熷瓙浣滃叚鏂瑰瘑鍫嗙Н锛屾祴寰楀畠鐨勫瘑搴︿负
1.74
鍏?/p>
/
鍘樼背
3
锛屾眰瀹冪殑鏅惰優浣撶Н銆?/p>
11
銆佹牴鎹崐寰勬瘮鍏崇郴锛岃鏄庝笅鍒楃瀛愪笌
O2
鈥?/p>
閰嶄綅鏃剁殑閰嶄綅鏁板悇鏄
?
r
o
2-
=0.132
nm
r
Si
4+
=0.039
nm
r
K
+
=0.133
nm
r
Al
3+
=0.057
nm
r
Mg
2+
=0.078
n
m
12
銆佷负浠�涔堢煶鑻变笉鍚岀郴鍒楀彉浣撲箣闂寸殑杞寲娓╁害姣斿悓绯诲垪鍙樹綋涔嬮棿鐨勮浆鍖栨俯搴﹂珮寰楀锛?/p>
13
銆佹湁鏁堢瀛愬崐寰勫彲閫氳繃鏅朵綋缁撴瀯娴嬪畾绠楀嚭銆傚湪涓嬮潰
NaCl
鍨嬬粨鏋勬櫠浣撲腑锛屾祴寰?/p>
MgS
鍜?/p>
MnS
鐨?/p>
鏅?/p>
鑳?/p>
鍙?/p>
鏁?/p>
鍧?/p>
涓?/p>
a=0.52nm(
鍦?/p>
杩?/p>
涓?/p>
绉?/p>
缁?/p>
鏋?/p>
涓?/p>
锛?/p>
闃?/p>
绂?/p>
瀛?/p>
鏄?/p>
鐩?/p>
浜?/p>
鎺?/p>
瑙?/p>
鐨?/p>
)
銆?/p>
鑻?/p>
CaS(a=0.567nm)
銆?/p>
CaO(a=0.48nm)
鍜?/p>
MgO(a=0.42nm)
涓轰竴鑸槼绂诲瓙
鈥斺�?/p>
闃寸瀛愭帴瑙︼紝璇曟眰杩?/p>
浜涙櫠浣撲腑鍚勭瀛愮殑鍗婂緞銆?/p>
14
銆?/p>
姘熷寲閿?/p>
(LiF)
涓?/p>
NaCl
鍨嬬粨鏋勶紝
娴嬪緱鍏跺瘑搴︿负
2.6g
锛?/p>
cm3
锛?/p>
鏍规嵁姝ゆ暟鎹眮绠楁櫠鑳炲弬鏁帮紝