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happy endings precisely because the hero can think his way through a problem. Though the hero of \Pit and the Pendulum\cannot, by his unaided efforts, save himself from the death intended for him, he uses his head to keep himself alive until help from the outside comes. In fact, one kind of Poe's characters must be those who are forced to fall back on the resources of one's mind.
? Just as he was fascinated with the process of reason, Poe was interested in
the deviousness(曲折) of the human soul. He placed emphasis on how the unconscious motivates human beings, not unlike the Romantics of his day, but to a greater extent. Unlike the Romantics, Poe examined irrational drives; he wanted to bring reason to bear on areas which, in his time, were regarded as lying beyond its boundaries or else were ignored altogether. In other words, Poe used his reason to discover the source of the irrational. This is especially evident in \
? Poe's tragic life and his concentration on death were his extreme and poetic
response to that which was elaborated upon, in naturalistic terms, fifty years later. He was unusually sensitive to the world of his own day, affected by it intensely ，causing his isolation. Though he wanted to find his place in a traditional society, his failure to do so may well have heightened his sense of lonely individualism. It is this sense of alienation which has carried itself through the greatest of literature in America.
4. Comment on Hawthorne’s style.（10%）
? His style is also noteworthy for his frequent use of images. Metaphors and
similes abound, most of them stirringly fresh and effective. He makes skillful use of colors as a means for conveying mo