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开封市高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.________ One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ________ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.________

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.________ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ________ \ A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. G. \ 【答案】D；C；G；F；B

【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。

（1）考查细节理解。根据上一句的When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 实验室的小老鼠若不让它睡觉，它不到一个月就死了，可知，D项“同样，人若几天不睡觉就会生病。”最切题。故答案选D。

（2）考查细节理解。结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。”由此可知，C项最切题。故答案选C。

（3）考查推理判断。结合上文，上文提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. 朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人 ”正好呼应，故答案选G。

（4）考查推理判断。根据下文可知，老鼠在睡眠结束时，突触会变小18%，表明睡眠时神

经元会变弱，F项“托诺尼的团队测量了12只老鼠的大脑”与下文最呼应，故答案选F。 （5）细节理解。根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好。故答案选B。

【点评】七选五题型解题技巧：在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。

2．请注意阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只填1个单词。 Most people have some regret that they just can't seem to get rid of. But holding on to regret about the past that can't be changed can have a bad impact on the possibility of a happy future. Regret is a waste of time, emotion and energy. To make sure that your life is a successful one, you need to take action to live in a way that you have no regret holding you back.

Some people make very big decisions with very little consideration at all, and as a result they often regret their decisions. Before choosing a college major, getting married or accepting a job, you must think about all conditions carefully and make a conscious decision rather than a careless one. Big decisions aren't the only ones that require forethought, though. Before you become angry and say something you will regret later, think about what you're going to say. Some of things will be easy to do and some will be hard, but keep your eyes on the prize of living a successful life without regret, and you'll find that achieving your goals might be easier than you think. But don't just daydream about those goals—make an actual list, written down in black and white, and refer to it now and then to see what you have left to do.

When you're feeling happy and full of energy, taking care of yourself isn't a problem. But in those days when you feel like crawling beneath the bed and never coming out again, you still must take care of yourself. You can do what you want and don't get angry with yourself about your shortcomings. On the contrary, you just admit them and try to change them and move on. Improving your mental health is just as important as taking care of yourself physically.

Keep those who are important to you very close and be sure to let them know how important they are to you. Family, friends, co-workers and people who are as close as your families are your lifelines that you can depend on whenever you need them to help you remember what's important in life. You should make sure of repairing your relationships with your friends if something bad happens.

Last but not least, learn to give yourself some relaxation and not to waste your time regretting things you cannot change. Treat those things properly and move on. Life is hard, but it is precious. Don't waste time regretting the past, or your future will get here before you know it. Title: Living without regret Theme Regret is a ________ part of life. What you should do is to take action to make you life a success without regret. ▲Regret about the past can greatly ________ your possible ________ for getting rid of regret happy future. ▲Regret wastes time, emotion and energy. ________ twice before ▲ Take everything into careful ________ before making you act. decisions or say something. ▲Focus your eyes on the things which will bring you ________ the things you happiness. want to do. ▲Put your goals into ________. Take care of yourself. Make sure that you are in good ________ both physically and mentally. ________ Keep close relationships. Keep close to those who are important to you. Don't care about small Don't regret things that are ________ and treasure the things. present-day life. 【答案】normal；Reasons；affect/influence；Tips/Suggestions/Advice；Think；consideration；list；practice；health；unchangeable

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多人都有一些永远无法清除的遗憾，总是纠缠无法改变的遗憾可能会对我们的未来产生不好的影响。作者在文章中提出清除遗憾的五个建议。

（1）考查同义转换。根据第一段中的“Most people have some regret that they just can't seem to get rid of.”可知很多人都有一些永远无法清除的遗憾。也就是所遗憾是人生中很正常的一部分。故填normal。

（2）考查总结归纳。根据第一段中的“But holding on to regret about the past that can't be changed can have a bad impact on the possibility of a happy future.”可知人们总是纠缠无法改变的遗憾可能会对我们的未来产生不好的影响。这也正是我们要消除遗憾的原因。故填Reasons。

（3）考查词性转换。根据第一段中的“But holding on to regret about the past that can't be changed can have a bad impact on the possibility of a happy future.”可知人们总是纠缠无法改变的遗憾可能会对我们的未来产生不好的影响。表格里需要使用代词affect/influence代替原文中have an impact on…。故填affect/influence。

（4）考查总结归纳。文章中对于如何清除生活中的遗憾给出了5个建议，所以本空中使用名词Tips/Suggestions/Advice。

（5）考查同义转换。根据第二段中的“Before choosing a college major, getting married or accepting a job, you must think about all conditions carefully and make a conscious decision rather than a careless one.”可知作者建议我们在做出决定之前要仔细思考，三思而后行。故填Think。

（6）考查同义转换。根据第二段中的“Before choosing a college major, getting married or accepting a job, you must think about all conditions carefully and make a conscious decision rather than a careless one.”可知作者建议我们在做出决定之前要仔细思考，三思而后行。表