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郑州交通职业学院
毕 业 论 文
论文题目：影响汽车安全性能的分析
所属系别 汽车运用工程系 专业班级 汽车运用技术2班 姓 名 孙军锋 学 号 201008010010234 指导教师 窦志民
撰写日期 2013 年 04 月
摘 要
汽车发展的历史就是汽车安全性能不断提高的历史，而汽车安全技术的发展过程也是汽车安全性技术法规发展和完善的过程，两者相互促进，共同提高在理想状态。汽车的
安全可分为主动安全和被动安全。主动安全的制动性能是汽车的主要性能之一，评价制动性能的主要指标有制动效能和制动时的方向稳定性，汽车的制动效能即制动距离，制动时间和制动减速度。汽车的方向稳定性是指汽车制动时仍能按原来的轨迹行驶，即不发生跑偏，侧滑及失去转向能力。车轮抱死将致使汽车的制动性能和汽车的方向稳定性能变坏，为了获得最佳制动效果，研制出了汽车防抱死制动系统即ABS。它可以将车辆的滑移率控制在理想状态，以获得最佳制动性能和制动时的方向稳定性和操纵能力。现在汽车上所使用的被动安全装置主要有安全带、防撞式车身和安全气囊等。当汽车发生碰撞时，汽车迅速减速直至停止，但车内人员仍以原来速度向前运动。可能发生乘员转向盘、仪表板和风窗玻璃等之间的碰撞，造成伤害。如果此时装在转向盘和仪表板内的气囊充气弹出，就可以保护乘员减少与车内物相撞的可能性。
关键词：主动安全技术；被动安全技术；汽车防抱死制动系统（ABS）；安全气囊（SRS）
Abstract
Safety of the Vehicle can be divided into active safety and passive safety.The
braking performance of the active safety is one of the main performance.There are two main indicators that we can evaluate the baking performance:baking efficiency and directional stability performance.Braking efficiency includes braking distance, braking time and braking deceleration.Directional stability performance means that the cars still can be driven in the original track,There won't happen the cars are driven by deviation,sliding and loss of steering ability.Car Wheel Lock will lead to the baking performance and directional stability performance broken,In order to get the best braking effect,We developed Anti-lock Braking System.Its abbreviation is ABS.It can control the slip rate in an ideal state,in order to get the best braking performance,directional stability performance and handling capabilities.Now the car passive safety devices are seat belts, the collision-type body and air bags.When the car is collided,the car will slow down rapidly,but the person in the car still moves in the original speed.It may occur to injury that passengers will collide on steering wheel,dashboard or windshield.If we install the air bag between the steering wheel and dashboard,the air bag will pop up to protect the passengers.
Key Words：Active safety technology,Passive safety technology,Anti-lock baking
system(ABS),Supplemental restraint system(SRS)