内容发布更新时间 : 2025/5/2 21:36:06星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。

年产1万吨硫酸铝车间工艺设计

摘要

我国硫酸铝的生产现状，年产量万吨以上的企业已达29个，3000t至10000t的企业达85个。全国硫酸铝生产能力已达115万t，产量突破95万t，仅次于美国和日本，而居世界第三位[1]；硫酸铝生产中存在的问题是，设计不合理，设备不配套，产量质量都无法达到初衷要求以及部分生产厂家规模较小，经济效益差导致产品积压严重、投资无法收回，使部分企业背上沉重的经济包袱；生产工艺主要有铝灰、铝渣法、活性氢氧化铝法、铝矾土常压法、煤矸石加压法等，对各个工艺的优缺点进行对比，发现以高岭土为原料生产硫酸铝，具有原料成本低，产量高，产品质量好，过程易控制等优点，制备过程中产生的废渣可作为高活性的高硅材料，也可作为优良的涂料及板材制品填料，从而实现了综合利用和无废渣排放，具有积极的环保意义；采用高岭土为原料生产硫酸铝，符合设计的目的和指导思想。

高岭土生产硫酸铝，使高岭土经过预处理过程，排除高岭土中的粗石英砂、杂质，用于生产水泥玻璃，得到高岭土精矿，经过煅烧活化，粉碎，过筛送致生产车间，与55%的硫酸容易混合送至反应釜，经过反应的酸浸，沉降，分离和中和处理，得到合格的硫酸铝容易，送至浓缩结晶槽中，进行浓缩结晶，并通过成品粉碎机将硫酸铝晶体粉碎，包装。

关键词：硫酸铝；现状；生产工艺；高岭土

Abstract

The plants having 10,000 tons of annual output of aluminum sulfate in China hav being upto 29, and the plants having 3000 t to 10000 t, being upto 85.

The aluminum sulfate production capacity has reached 1.15 million t, yield breakthroughs 950,000 t, after the United States and Japan, the third in the world live;Aluminum sulfate production in the problem is that the unreasonable design, equipment is not supporting, yield and quality are unable to meet its mind and requested some smaller manufacturers, leading to poor economic returns serious backlog of products, investment is not possible, so that some enterprises back heavy The economic burden of production of a major Al Grey, Al Jardine, of aluminum hydroxide, bauxite atmospheric pressure, such as coal gangue compression method, all of the advantages and disadvantages compared to that of raw materials for the production of kaolin Aluminum sulfate, a low-cost raw materials, high yield, good quality products, process-control advantages, in the course of preparation of the high-activity waste residue can be used as the high-silicon material, but also as a fine of paint and sheet metal products fill, so as to achieve a comprehensive Use and no waste residue emissions, have a positive environmental significance of raw materials used for the production of kaolin aluminum sulfate, with the design of purpose and guiding ideology.

Kaolin production of aluminum sulfate, kaolin After pretreatment process, rule out the possibility of kaolin in the rough quartz sand, impurities, the glass used in the production of cement, by Kaolin concentrate, after calcination activated, crushing, screening sent to the production workshop, with 55 percent of the sulfuric acid Mixed easily sent to the reactor, the reaction of acid leaching, settlement, and in the separation and processing of aluminum sulfate be qualified easily, and sent to concentration crystallization tank, concentrated fruit and refined through the grinder will crush aluminum sulfate crystals, Packaging.

Keywords：aluminum sulfate；the present situation；ProductionProcess；kaolin

前言

硫酸铝化学名（Aluminium sulfate）Al2(SO4)3，无色单斜结晶，在空气中长期存放易吸潮结块。易溶于水，水溶液显酸性，难溶于醇，是无机盐基本品种之一，应用十分广泛。加热至770度是开始分解为氧化铝、三氧化铝、二氧化铝、二氧化硫和水蒸气。水解后生成氢氧化铝。工业品为白色或灰白色粉立状晶体。主要用于净水与造纸[2]。在造纸工业中可作纸的填料和处理造纸工业废水。在净水方面，作为城市用水和废水处理的絮凝剂，可以除去水中的磷酸盐、锌、铬等杂质，以及除菌、控制水的颜色和气味。硫酸铝还可以用来生产其他铝盐、硫酸铝衍生物，无机高分子絮凝剂及铵明矾、钾明矾等。

1.物料衡算

1.1工艺流程框图

浓硫酸水水浸滤渣铁渣除铁过滤高岭土酸溶过滤硫酸铝洗涤过滤结晶蒸发 （3）过滤

采用板式过滤机，将硫酸铝溶液于其他固体杂质分离。 （4）浓缩结晶

硫酸铝经过浓缩蒸发掉多余水分，从而结晶得到相应的结晶水硫酸铝最终产品。

1.2预处理：

粗高岭土矿先经过破碎，研磨，等一系列处理过程，使其变成颗粒粉末状，方便反应，节约耗能，然后通过水洗筛分的过程，除去原料中的杂质，从而得到