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Unit Two

Learning a Language

Enhance Your Language Awareness

Words in Action

▆ Working with Words and Expressions

1. Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in

pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.

▆ Sample sentences for reference:

1) If Jane is not here in 10 minutes, we’ll assume that she isn’t coming and we won’t wait for her any longer. 2) The case was fully argued before an agreement was reached.

3) They claim that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved. 4) Some Chinese words have no equivalents in English.

5) The rights of the individual are perhaps the most important rights in society. 6) If you want my personal opinion, I don’t think you should go there. 7) The train leaves at about half past eight — 8:32, to be precise.

8) After years of hard work, she became qualified as a doctor last year. 9) Her new novel is based on her adventures in Africa.

10) The house is too small for a family of five; furthermore, it is in a bad condition. 11) Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.

12) She promised solemnly that she would not say a word about it to anyone.

2. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences

with them. Change the form where necessary.

▆ Answers: 1) obtain 2) confident 3) communicate 4) advantage 5) relevant 6) helpful 7) extreme 8) enjoyable 9) means 10) process 11) particularly 12) characters 13) astonished 14) apparently

3. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.

▆ Answers:

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16)

fond of

is … related to find out

To a certain extent vice versa no doubt rid … of cleared up or else at all costs sure enough let alone In his hurry It’s no use in my view was worth

▆ Increasing Your Word Power

1. Complete the multiple choice exercise by choosing the right answer.

▆ Answers: 1) C 2) D 3) B 4) B 5) B 6) D

2. Adverbs are used to modify adjectives. What adverbs listed in the box below can be used to modify the

adjectives in the sentences? Put as many adverbs as you think suitable before each of the adjectives.

1) highly / very 2) quite / very

3) quite / very / increasingly 4) quite / simply / very

3. Did you notice the suffix -er in words such as teacher, grader in this unit? The suffix -er can be put at

the end of verbs or nouns to denote people who perform the action expressed by the stem word. In addition to -er, the suffixes -or, -ist, -ian also fall into this category. Now form nouns by adding -er/-or/-ist/-ian to the words given: Answers for reference:

Stem words Suffixes Nouns Chinese Meanings Stem words Suffixes Nouns Chinese Meanings conquer conqueror -er, -or, -ist, 征服者，胜利者 -ian environment environmentalist 环境保护论者 industry industrialist 工业家，实业家 journal journalist 新闻记者；报人 labor laborer 体力劳动者；工人 logic logician 逻辑学家 magic mathematics murder survive 1) logician 2) magician

3) mathematician 4) journalist 5) industrialist 6) environmentalist 7) laborer 8) murderer 9) conqueror 10) survivor

magician mathematician murderer survivor 魔术师，变戏法的人 数学家 谋杀犯，凶手 幸存者；生还者

GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT

Study the following sentences from both Text A and Text B, paying special attention to the modal auxiliaries would, must, might, can’t, should.

Task 1: Fill in the following blanks with appropriate modal auxiliaries. ▆ Answers for reference: 1) would/should 2) should/would

3) might

4) would

5) must 6) can’t

7) should, would 8) must

Task 2: Translate the following sentences into English, using the modal auxiliaries given in brackets. ▆ Answers for reference:

1) The expedition might have reached the top of the mountain by now.

2) If there should be any change in the schedule, please let me know in time.

Or: Should there be any change in the schedule, please let me know in time. 3) Passengers must check in (no later than) 45 minutes prior to flight departure. 4) Hurry up! It would be a pity to miss the concert.

5) The man standing in the distance can’t be Mr. Li, for he left for New York yesterday afternoon.

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