内容发布更新时间 : 2026/5/10 21:30:42星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。
......常用词性后缀
名词后缀
-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor -acy, 表示/性质，状态，境遇/ democracy, accuracy, diplomacy
-ance, -ence表示/性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度/ importance, diligence, difference, obedience
-ancy, -ency, 表示/性质，状态，行为，过程/ frequency, urgency, efficiency -dom, 表示/等级，领域，状态/ freedom, kingdom, wisdom
-hood, 表示/资格，身份，年纪，状态/ childhood, manhood, falsehood
-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示/行为的过程，结果，状况/ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
-ism, 表示/制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为/ socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
-ity, 表示/性质，状态，程度/ purity, reality, ability, calamity
-ment, 表示/行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
-ness, 表示/性质，状态，程度/ goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness -ship, 表示/情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业/ hardship, membership, friendship -th, 表示/动作，性质，过程，状态/ depth, wealth, truth, length, growth -tude, 表示/性质，状态，程度/ latitude, altitude(海拔)
-ure, 表示/行为，结果/ exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)
“学术”
-grapy, 表示/……学，写法/ biography, calligraphy, geography
-ic, ics, 表示/……学……法/ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics -ology, 表示/……学……论/biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) -nomy, 表示/……学……术/ astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)
形容词后缀
“属性，倾向，相关” -able, -ible, visible, flexible -ent,-ant violent -al -ar -ary -ac,ical -ing
N-ish foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish) -ive active, sensitive, productive -ory
“想像，类似” -ish
-ly -like
-ly manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly -some -y
“充分”
-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful -ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various -ent, violent
“方向”
-ern, eastern.western -ward, downward
“倍数”
-ble,double, treble -ple, triple
-fold, twofold, tenfold
-most, foremost, topmost
-less, 表示否定 countless, stainless, wireless --ior interior
动词后缀
-ize, ise, 表示/做成，变成，……化/ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize -en, 表示/使成为，引起，使有/ quicken, weaken, soften, harden
-fy, 表示/使……化，使成/ beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify -ish, 表示/使，令/ finish, abolish, diminish, establish
-ate(-adj), 表示/成为……，处理，作用/ separate, operate, indicate
副词后缀
(adj)-ly：bad→badly坏地,恶劣地，careful→carefully小心地
-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地); like→likewise同样地 -wards/ward：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地 inward 内心的
纯否定 no- non- in- /im /il /ir dis- un- neg- 错误，坏等否定 mal- miss-
相反，对立 anti-/ant contra-/contro-/counter ob-/ab-
共同，相等 co-/con-/com-/col/cor- sy-/syn-/syl-/sym- equa-/equi- 方向，到达 ad ac ab af ag al ap ar as at 附近，周围 by- para-
小Mini- , micro ., -ette(cigarette, cassette) -et ,(wallet, ballet, pocke,ticket) 大Macro, magn- mega- grand- maj-/ max-/ may- 以前，前面Ante- /anti- (anticipant, antique, antecedents, ancient ,)fore- for- pro- pre- 之后，后面After- ex- back- post-
超过， 上Super/sup- over- up extra- 下Sub- under- vice- down- 外面Out- ex-/ec-/ ef/ es- 内Interr- in- /il-/ im- /ir-