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Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2016·长沙长郡中学模拟) ________ spite of the fact that he was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable. 答案：In

2．The American teacher asked me if I had been accustomed to ____________(study) there.

答案：studying

3．Those young men were accused by the police ____________ causing a disturbance in the neighborhood. 答案：of 4．(2016·浙江金华十校期末)Hard ____________ my brother studied, he wasn’t qualified enough for a good university. 答案：as 5．Linyi isn’t what it used to be. The last decade ____________(witness) great changes in the city images. 答案：has witnessed

6．Hearing the news, she burst into ____________(tear) and burst out of the room. 答案：tears

7．From a long-term point of view, it is time for us to set out ____________(solve) the air pollution around the factory. 答案：to solve 8．We all can go out for a picnic this afternoon—____________(assume) that the others agree.

答案：assuming 9．To their ____________(relieve), her mother’s illness proved not to be as serious as they had feared. 答案：relief

10．(2016·皖北协作区联考)My deskmate enjoys ____________(consult) the dictionary from time to time as he is reading English passages, which makes it hard for him to read fast. 答案：consulting Ⅱ.阅读理解

When two Bangs meet

Sheldon Cooper is a scientific genius on the popular American TV show—The Big Bang Theory. He finally met his match last year: Stephen Hawking.

This is not the first time that the scientist has appeared on TV. He has also been on Star Trek(in 1987) and The Simpsons(in 1989). Each time, he played himself.

Hawking, is perhaps the world’s most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He has spent his whole life studying the beginning and the end of the universe, including the Big Bang theory.

The Big Bang theory explains the early development of the universe. According to the theory, about 13.7 billion years ago everything was all squeezed together in a tiny, tight little ball, and then the ball exploded. The results of that explosion are what we call the universe.

Hawking has always tried to make science more popular with people. His book A Brief History of Time was published in 1988. In the book he shares his understanding of the universe in simple language. The book tries to explain many subjects about the universe to common readers, including the Big Bang, black holes and light cones(光锥)．

Hawking’s achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. Now he sits on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moves two fingers to control the computer’s mouse. He chooses his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer(合成器)．

Hawking also believes that there might be aliens in space. However, he believes they are probably very dangerous, so we should not look for them, “I imagine they might exist in very big ships... having used up all the resources from their home planet，” Hawking said in a British documentary named Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking.

【文章大意】 本文是一篇人物简介，介绍了Stephen Hawking及其提出的“宇宙大爆炸”理论和著作的《时间简史》等成就。

1．What does the “two Bangs” in the title refer to? A．The director of the TV show and the founder of it. B．The director and the actor of The Big Bang Theory.

C．The scientific genius on the TV show and the one in real life. D．The founder of the Big Bang theory and Sheldon. C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Sheldon Cooper is a scientific genius on the popular American TV show—The Big Bang Theory. He finally met his match last year: Stephen Hawking.”可知，“two Bangs”指的是电视剧《生活大爆炸》中的科学天才Sheldon Cooper和现实生活中的科学天才Stephen Hawking。故选C项。 2．The Big Bang theory mainly explains ________． A．how the universe started B．what the universe is like C．how old the universe is D．how the universe exploded

A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The Big Bang theory explains the early development of the universe.”可知，“宇宙大爆炸”理论主要解释了宇宙是如何形成的。故选A项。

3．According to the passage, which of the following about Hawking is TRUE? A．He was born with a disability. B．He played an artist in Star Trek.

C．He uses a computer to communicate. D．He believes aliens are our friends.

C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三、四句“Now he sits on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moves two fingers to control the computer’s mouse.”可知，Hawking依靠电脑与人交流。故C项正确。根据倒数第二段第二句“When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking.”可知，A项错误；根据第二段可知，Hawking在Star Trek这部电视剧扮演的是他本人，即一名科学家，而不是艺术家，故B项错误；根据最后一段中“Hawking also believes that there might be aliens in space. However, he believes they are probably very dangerous...”可知，D项错误。 Ⅲ.完形填空

(2016·石家庄二中模拟)A wave of recent research has pointed to the risks of overpraising a child. And it seems that how to draw a line between too little praise and too much has become a high-pressure __1__ act for parents.

Self-esteem(自尊) serves as a kind of tool to measure how much children feel valued and accepted by __2__. This sensitivity to others’ __3__ develops because of humans’ need for social acceptance, which is considered to be __4__ to survival. As early as age 8, children’s self-esteem tends to rise and fall in response to feedbacks about __5__ peers see them as likable or attractive. __6__， it can also be beneficial for kids to feel bad about themselves occasionally, if they behave in selfish, mean or hurtful ways that might __7__ their ability to maintain relationships or hold a job in the future.

In the past, many parents and educators believed that high self-esteem __8__ happiness and success, and kids could gain self-esteem simply by getting __9__ and awards from their parents, teachers and people around. But recently researchers have found self-esteem doesn’t __10__ these desired results. Instead, if parents praise their kids __11__， their self-esteem becomes focused on being very smart and being the best and being perfect. Building too much self-esteem of the children can not go as planned, making them feel __12__ later on when they hit setbacks(挫折)．

According to some experts, it can actually be good for kids to have __13__ self-esteem, at least once in a while. And praise can be __14__ if it disregards the world outside the home. Children who have a __15__ understanding of how they are seen by others tend to get recovered more readily __16__ disappointment, depression or the like. The best path is a __17__ road, helping children develop a positive but __18__ view of themselves in relation to others by praising them for the __19__ they invest and behavior they are able to sustain, like “It’s __20__ that you’re working so hard on your homework.” 【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了家长在教育孩子的过程中应如何帮孩子建立自尊。

1．A.balancing B．crashing C．forcing D．embarrassing

A 解析：根据上文“draw a line between too little praise and too much”可知，对孩子的赞扬不能过多也不能过少，如何取得两者间的平衡，对父母来说是很有压力的。故答