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2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

管理类专业硕士联考

2016年管理类专硕联考英语(二)试题及详解

考生注意事项

1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则

2. 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。

3. 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。

4 .交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

Section Ⅰ Use of English

Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might influence___1___firms work, too.

Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.___2___, firms in happy places spend more on R&D ( research and development ). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking ___3___ for making investments for the future.

The researchers wanted to know if the ___4___ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would ___5___the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness ___6___by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.

___7___enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were ___8___.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities ___9___why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various ___10___that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was ___11___to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally ___12___even after accounting for these things.

The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors ___13___to ―less codified decision making process‖ and the possible presence of ―younger and less

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___14___managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.‖ The relationship was ___15___stronger in places where happiness was spread more ___16___.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.

___17___this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least ___18___at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help ___19___how executives think about the future. ―It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and ___20___R&D more than the average,‖ said one researcher. 1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when

2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion 3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary 4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism 5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change 6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed 7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often

8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered 9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize 10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods 11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable 12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke 13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare 14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced 15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never 16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally 17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since 18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes 19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share 20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A，B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text 1

It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.

However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.

Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away. The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps

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that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but \to gear lessons toward things they're interested in,\For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.

The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the \on Rails\language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.

Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better. 21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______ [A] complete future job training [B] remodel the way of thinking [C] formulate logical hypotheses [D] perfect artwork production

22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________ [A] experience [B] interest

[C] career prospects

[D] academic backgrounds

23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________ [A] help students learn other computer languages [B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come [C] need improving when students look for jobs [D] enable students to make big quick money

24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______ [A] bring forth innovative computer technologies [B] stay longer in the information technology industry [C] become better prepared for the digitalized world [D] compete with a future army of programmers

25.The word \ [A] persuade [B] frighten [C] misguide [D] challenge

Text 2

Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.

The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened .\lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ,\said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as \status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and others argued that

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