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阅读微技能训练8—人物传记

I. 任务传记类类文章的特点

[Example 1]

When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951，her mother told her，“Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn’t work out，you’ll have something to rely on. ”Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on，“the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course，”she recalls.

The show business thing worked out，of course. In her career，Mary won many awards. Only recently，when she began to write Growing Up Again，did she regret ignoring her mom. “I don’t know how to use a computer，”she admits.

Unlike her 1995 autobiography，After All，her second book is less about life as an awardwinning actress and more about living with diabetes．All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF)，an organization she serves as international chairman.“I felt there was a need for a book like this，”she says. “I didn’t want to lecture，but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we’re self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease.”

But she hasn’t always practiced what she teaches. In her book，she describes that awful day，almost 40 years ago，when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First，she had lost the baby she was carrying and second，tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act，she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈)．

Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up—again—and take control of her diabetes，not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit，overcome her addiction to alcohol，and begin to follow a balanced diet.

Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fall into self-pity. “Everybody on earth can ask，‘why me？’about something or other，”she insists. “It doesn’t do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache pain，and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.” 1. Why did Mary feel regretful?

A. She didn’t achieve her ambition. B. She didn’t take care of her mother.

C. She didn’t complete her high school. D. She didn’t follow her mother’s advice.

2. We can know that before 1995 Mary ________.

A. had two books published B. received many career awards C. knew how to use a computer D. supported the JDRF by writing 3. Mary’s second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her ________. A. living with diabetes B. successful show business C. service for an organization D. remembrance of her mother 4. When Mary received the life-changing news，she ________.

A. lost control of herself B. began a balanced diet C. tried to get a treatment D. behaved in an adult way Summary:

人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，这类文章常采用倒叙的写作方法，即首先用几句话来简单介绍这个人，

接着介绍这个人的出生、成长过程，然后再记述他(她)一两件主要的事情或业绩，来反映他(她)的思想、品德和情操，最后作者会对他(她)进行评论，从而表达作者对他(她)的情感。该类命题既注重考查对特定细节理解的准确性，又注重考查推理判断能力。 II. Practice

A

Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner. Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies' two daughters. Along with nice other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.

Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.

In 1918, Irene became her mother's assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later. Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity (辐射能). Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17,1956. 1．Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal? A. Because she received a degree in mathematics. B. Because she contributed to saving the wounded. C. Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic. D. Because she worked as a helper to her mother.

2．Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot?

A. At the Curie Institute. B. At the University of Paris. C. At a military hospital. D. At the College of Sévigné.

3．When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born? A. In 1932. B. In 1927. C. In 1897. D. In 1926.

4．In which of the following aspects was Irene Curie different from her mother? A. Irene worked with radioactivity. B. Irene combined family and career.

C. Irene won the Nobel Prize once. D. Irene died from leukemia.

B

Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile. But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line.

In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.

The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.

The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well- known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream. Ford said: “I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modern engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.”

The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals. They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years.

5．What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1 ?

A. He made good use of ideas from others. B. He produced the first car in the world.

C. He knew how to improve auto parts. D. He invented the production line. 6．Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race?

A. To show off his driving skills. B. To draw public attention.

C. To learn about new technology. D. To raise money for his new company. 7．“That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.

A. the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices B. the sale of Model T to the mass of people

C. the selling of a car to a Detroit doctor D. the sales target for the Ford Company

8．What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text?

A. Producing cars for average customers. B. Building racing cars of simple design.

C. Designing more car models. D. Starting more companies. C

Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed herself as she did nowhere else.

After the death of her second husband, Greek shipping magnate (巨头) Aristotle Onassis, Jacqueline's close friend and former White House social secretary Letitia Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishing. After consideration, Jacqueline accepted it. Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life. She became not less but more interested in reading. For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher's editor，first at Viking, then at Doubleday, pursuing a late-life career longer than her two marriages combined. During her time in publishing, she was responsible for