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新形势下贵州对外贸易发展面临的机遇与挑战

摘 要

我国经济发展进入新的阶段，国内制造业发展势头良好，贵州省作为我国资源丰富的大省，在加工贸易方面也有着良好的发展优势。近年来，国内经济发展较好，对外贸易积极进取，伴随东盟自贸区的建立和丝绸之路贸易带的发展，贵州省迎来了千载难逢的发展机遇。当前，贵州省的对外贸易在国内市场上所占比重不高，但是由于其地理位置独特，毗邻东南亚各国，在对外贸易方面有着天然的优势。与此同时，为了承接我国制造业向国内中西部转移的历史机遇，贵州省当前的对外贸易有着非常大的发展潜力。因而，本文通过分析贵州省当前的实际状况，对其特有的对外贸易发展优势和当前产业发生瓶颈做出分析，希望能够结合实际情况，为贵州省开展对外贸易提供积极而有效的建议，推动其对外贸易发展，从而带动省内经济发展。

关键词：贵州；对外贸易；进出口；发展

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Abstract

With the flourishing development of the processing trade, Guizhou's processing trade has been developing rapidly every year. However, because of the domestic policy factors and Guizhou's own endowment factors, Guizhou's processing trade share in the whole country is still very small. After China's strategic plan for developing the western region, Guizhou got an unprecedented policy opportunity. At the same time, due to industrial upgrading in the east, a considerable number of processing trade enterprises urgently need to transfer to the central and western regions. The 11th Five-Year Plan for the National Economic and Social Development of Guizhou Province made it clear that it is necessary to \the opportunity of establishing China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and develop various forms of internal and external economic and trade relations.\enterprises to play a comparative advantage in international and domestic cooperation and competition. \to strengthen the processing trade theory, put forward feasible Countermeasures, the development of Guizhou's economy will undoubtedly play a very important role in promoting.

Key words:Guizhou; foreign trade; import and export; development

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目录

1 贵州对外贸易发展现状及特点 ................................................................. 1 1.1贵州省对外贸易发展现状 .............................................................................. 1 1.2 贵州省对外贸易发展特点 ............................................................................. 2 1.2.1进出口贸易规模不断扩大，对外贸易由逆差转为顺差 ............................... 2 1.2.2增长速度快，高于全国平均水平 ................................................................ 2 1.2.3对外贸易结构不断优化 ............................................................................... 3 1.2.4外贸企业规模扩大 ...................................................................................... 3 1.2.5进出口市场分布更趋多样化........................................................................ 3 2 贵州省外贸发展存在的问题及原因 .......................................................... 4 2.1贵州省对外贸易的问题 .................................................................................. 4 2.1.1对外贸易依存度低 ...................................................................................... 4 2.1.3加工贸易比重低 .......................................................................................... 5 2.2贵州省对外贸易问题所在的原因 ................................................................... 6 2.2.1交通运输不便 .............................................................................................. 6 2.2.2人力资源匾乏 .............................................................................................. 6 2.2.3产业结构落后的制约 ................................................................................... 7 2.2.4政策实施滞后的制约 ................................................................................... 8 3新形势下贵州省对外贸易发展面临的机遇与挑战 .................................... 8 3.1机遇 ............................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1 地理位置优越 ............................................................................................. 8 3.1.2 东盟市场广阔 ............................................................................................. 8 3.2挑战 ............................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1经济发展方式的局限性 ............................................................................... 9 3.2.2 经济发展水平上的制约 .............................................................................. 9 3.2.3 经济发展资源紧张 ..................................................................................... 9 3.2.4地势封闭 ................................................................................................... 10 4应对挑战提出的对策 ................................................................................ 10 4.1企业的对策 .................................................................................................. 10 4.1.1制定具有竞争优势的产业政策和规划 ....................................................... 10 4.1.2实施技术创新战略，培育核心竞争力 ....................................................... 11 4.2外贸行业的对策 ........................................................................................... 11 4.3政府积极支持与引导东盟贸易发展 ............................................................. 12 结束语 ............................................................................................................... 12

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