上海牛津英语8A重点语法知识点(初二期末复习用) 下载本文

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授课内容:

1.In the magazine &on the magazine 2. Would like to do sth

3. One and a half metres tall

4. My hobby is doing sth. My ambition is to do sth. 5. Sth nearby: a restaurant nearby

6. At school/university; attend/leave school(上学/离开学校毕业) 7. Be keen on sth/doing sth 8. Enjoy doing sth

9. a photo of myself/our school; a photo of mine 10. Hope & wish:

Hope: 1) Hope to do sth; 2) Hope (that)从句… 3) Hope for sth希望,期待 Everyone hopes for snow. Let‘s hope for the best and prepare for the worst. wish:1) Wish sb sth 祝愿 ;We wish you good luck. 2) Wish to do, wish sb to do, 想要;希望,渴望 What do you wish me to do?你想要我做什么? I wish you to be happy

I wish to go, but my mother wishes me to stay at home. 我想去,但母亲希望我呆在家。

3) Wish (that) 但愿(虚拟)I wish (that) I were/was younger. 4) wish for希望,想要 We have everything we can wish for. 5) Wish sb/sth + adj:I wish you well and happy; I wish everything ready.

11. 反义疑问句:反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question) 即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

!)不定代词

当陈述部分的主语是

(1)用one时,后面的疑问句可用one/he.

(2)用no one时,后面附加疑问句中主语用they。

(3)everything,anything,nothing,something时,附加疑问句中主语用it 不用they (4)this, that,或those, these时,附加疑问句中主语用it或they.

(5)everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,anyone,nobody等,附加疑问句中主语一般用they(口头语,非正式文体)/he(正式文体)。

(6)不定式,动名词,其他短语,附加疑问句中主语一般用it。

(7)在there be句型中,附加疑问句中一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。

2)否定意义的词

(1)当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing,none,rarely ,no, not, no one, nobody, neither等否定意义的词汇时,后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式:

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There're few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they?

(2)当陈述部分的主语为everyone,someone,anyone,no one等表示人的不定代词时,疑问部分的主语用they或he:

Everyone in your family is a teacher, aren’t they\\isn't he?

(3)当陈述部分的主语为everything,something,anything.nothing等表示物的不定代词时,疑问部分的主语用it:

Something is wrong with your watch, isn’t it?

(4)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词,也就是有un,dis,no-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词,当做肯定句处理,疑问部分要用否定形式。如:

He looks unhappy,doesn’t he? 他看上去不高兴,不是吗?

The girl dislikes history,doesn’t she? 这女孩不喜欢历史,不是吗? (5)当陈述部分有less, fewer等词视为肯定词,疑问部分用否定形式。 There will be less pollution, won't there?

3)祈使句

当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达,分三种情况: (1)一般情况下用will you 或won't you。 Give me a hand, will you?

Leave all the things as they are, won’t you?

(2)以Let's(听者包括在内)开头的祈使句,前肯后可肯可否,疑问句必须用shall we(shall只用于第一人称);只有以Let us(听话人不被包括在“us”里面)或Let me开头的祈使句,问句才用will you。

Let us know the time of your arrival, will you? Let's try again, shall we? Let me help you, will you?

Let’s have a look on your book,shall we?

(3)当陈述句是否定的祈使句时,问句可用will you 或can you 。 e.g. don’t make much noise, will/can you?

4)Must

.当陈述部分有情态动词must,问句有4种情况:

(1)mustn't表示“禁止,不可,不必”时,附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?

(2)must表示“有必要”时,附加问句通常要用needn't. They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天要完成这项工作,是吗?

(3)must be表推测,用来表示对现 在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。

He must be good at English, isn’the? 他英语一定学得很好,是吗?

She must be a good English teacher, isn’t she? 她一定是位优秀的英语老师,是吗?

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(4)当must have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week, didn’t she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说,不是吗?

You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把这事告诉她了,不是吗?

回答 反意疑问句的回答:前肯后否,前否后肯,根据事实从后往前翻译。如: (1)They work hard,don’t they?他们努力工作,不是吗?

Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they don't.不,他们工作不努力 (2)They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?

Yes, they do. 不,他们工作努力。/No, they don't. 是的, 他们工作不努力 否定反义疑问句的回答

当陈述部分为肯定式,反义疑问句为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:

\

\想去。”

此时,\即是,对前面\的肯定。

12. Look for,think of,

13. Germany德国 German德语,德国人 14. Be close to sth

15. Like to do/like doing; love to do/love doing 16. Share sth with sb. 17. A school uniform;

18. Friends from all over the world 19. On weekdays;at weekends

20. One of the top students 21. Have already done sth.

22. Success - successful - succeed

23. Family:家庭成员(复)All of her family work in her business. 24. Put on one‘s school uniform & wear a uniform 25. Luck - luckily

26. Be responsible for =be in charge of= take charge of 27. Discuss sth/have a talk over/at breakfast; have a chat over breakfast/ a cup of coffee

28. Go to sp. in one‘s car;in one‘s car & by car 29. Drive sb to sp.11. On the way (to sp.) 30. Start school开始上课

31. Achieve sth;achieve A grades 32. Fail sth; fail an exam 33. Collect sb. from sp. 34. Client - customer 35. Attend a club

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