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陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。
①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he? （不能用is he?） ②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? （不能用is he?）
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?（不能用is it ?）
3.反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom，not,no,nobody,nothing, none, neither等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： ①She never tells a lie, does she? （不用doesn’t she?） ②He was seldom late, was he?（不用wasn’t he?）
4.反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am??时，问句部分虽然也可用“am not I”，但习惯上用aren’t I？表示。如：I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
5.反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We)第一人称 think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如：①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? （不用don’t we?）
6.反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? （不用do I?）
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? （不用do we?）
7.反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? （不用isn’t it?） ②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? （不用wasn’t/ was it?） 8.反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked??) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? （不用hadn’t you）
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? （不用wouldn’t she?） 9.陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it? ②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
10.陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)，no, none, neither时，问句部分的主语用he或 they(通常用they)，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如：①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he? ②Everyone has done his best in the game, haven’t they? 11.陈述部分为Let me??时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如：Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?) 12.陈述部分为Let us??时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如：Let us stop to rest, will you?
13.陈述部分为Let’s??时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如：Let’s go home together, shall we?
14.陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won’t you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请（即两种情况都可出现，不必遵循前否后肯或前肯后否的原则）。如：
①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you? ③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?) 15.陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。如：Don’t make any noise, will you?
16.陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用be+there(here)?形式。如： ①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
17.陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn’t +主语？形式。 ①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we? 18.陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn’t + 主语？或usedn’t +主语？形式。 ①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he? ②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
19.陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如：
①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he? （不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?）
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?（不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?）
20.陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如： ①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? （不用mustn’t they?）
②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?（不用mustn’t you?/ haven’t you?）
21.陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如： ①What he said is true, isn't it? （不用didn’t he?）
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? （不用won’t we?） 22.陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如：
①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it?
23.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one，反义疑问句的主语可以用one，也可以用you。如：One should be ready to help others, shuldn’t one?
反意疑问句专题练习
1.I think they will go to town tomorrow, ________? A.do I B.don’t I C.will they D.won’t they
2.I don’t believe he can catch up with me, _________? A.can he B.can’t he C.do I D.don’t I
3.I’m sure that I will be well again, __________? A.am I B.aren’t I C.will I D.won’t I
4.I am afraid that he will not come, _______? A.am I B.aren’t I C.will he D.won’t he
5.They don’t believe you are wrong, _________? A.are you B.aren’t you C.do they D.don’t they
6.He thought you were Beijing, _________? A.didn’t he B.did he C.weren’t you D.were you
7.We told you that he would come tonight, _______? A.didn’t we B.did we C.would he D.wouldn’t he
8.The reporter said the news was not true, _________? A.wasn’t it B.didn’t he C.did he D.was it
9.They suggested that he should go to work at once, ________? A.did they B.didn’t they C.should he D.shouldn’t he
10.Your brother has lunch at home, _________-? A.hasn’t he B.doesn’t he C.has he D.does he
11.John has to get up early, ________? A.has he B.hasn’t he C.does he D.doesn’t he
12.She has got to get everything ready, _________? A.hasn’t she B.has she C.doesn’t she D.does she
13.She has never been to China, _________?A.has she B.hasn’t she C.doesn’t she D.does she
14.She had better tell you the news right now, _______?A.had she B.hadn’t she C.did she D.didn’t she
15.They would rather not have done that last week,________? A.would they B.wouldn’t they C.have they D.haven’t they
16.I’d rather stay here for a rest, ________?A.did I B.would I C.didn’t I D.wouldn’t I 17.You ought to do it again,_________?A.ought you B.oughtn’t you C.do you D.don’t you
18.You must do that again,_________?A.mustn’t you B.needn’t you C.do you D.don’t you
19.He must wait here, __________?A.mustn’t he B.doesn’t he C.shouldn’t he D.does he
20.He must be a good worker,________?A.mustn’t he B.needn’t he C.isn’t he D.doesn’t he
21.He must have been to China twice,_________? A.hasn’t he B.didn’t he C.wasn’t he D.mustn’t he
22.He must have been ill last week,__________? A.hasn’t he B.didn’t he C.wasn’t he D.mustn’t he
23.He must have known you during the war,__________? A.hasn’t he B.didn’t he C.wasn’t he D.mustn’t he
24.He must have known the result already,_________? A.hasn’t he B.didn’t he C.wasn’t he D.mustn’t he
25.There used to be a temple here,________? A.didn’t there B.did there C.used there D.was there
26.They used to be good friends,________? A.usedn’t they B.didn’t they C.used they D.both A and B
27.Mother usedn’t to dress the baby,______? A.didn’t she B.did she C.used she D.usedn’t she
28.The students used to go to see him,_______? A.usedn’t they B.didn’t they C.used they D.both A and B
29.Alice, you have a little more chicken,________? A.haven’t you B.don’t you C.will you D.do you
30.Hi! Alice, you have bought a little chicken,_________? A.haven’t you B.won’t you C.will you D.have you
31.You two had breakfast just now,__________? A.hadn’t you B.didn’t you C.had you D.did you
32.You two had finished the breakfast,_________? A.hadn’t you B.didn’t you C.did you D.had you
33.Neither you nor I was invited to the party,________? A.were we B.weren’t we C.was I D.were you
34.Either he or she is to clean the window,__________?A.are they B.aren’t they C.isn’t he D.isn’t she
35.It is Jiao Yulu who turned Lankao into a rich district,_______? A.is it B.isn’t it C.did he D.didn’t he
36.It was you who never made such mistakes,________? A.wasn’t it B.weren’t you C.did you D.didn’t you
37.The little child dared not climb the tree,________? A.dared he B.did he C.was he D.does he
38.What he said is not wrong,__________? A.didn’t he B.did he C.is it D.isn’t it
39.That his parents were ill made him a little worried,_________? A.weren’t they B.were they C.didn’t it D.wasn’t it
40.He dislikes what you have said,__________?A.does he B.doesn’t he C.have you D.haven’t you
41.(2003Shanghai spring)If you want help—money or anything,let me know,____you? A.don’t B.will C.shall D.do
42.(2002Shanghai)Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital cameral,____?
A.is he B.isn’t he C.doesn’t she D.does she 43.(2002Shanghai spring)Brian told you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time,___?
A.was there B.wasn’t there C.didn’t he D.did he
44.(2001Shanghai)I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,_____? A.do I B.don’t I C.will they D.won’t they
45.(2000Shanghai)The news that they fialed their driving test discouraged him,___? A.did they B.didn’t they C.did it D.didn’t it
46.(NMET99)—Alice,you feed the bird today,____? --But I fed it yesterday. A.do you B.will you C.didn’t you D.don’t you
▲选择疑问句：提出两种或两种以上情况,需要对方作出选择回答的疑问句叫选择疑问句。
1) 构成：(1) 一般疑问句 + or + 第二选项？ (2) 特殊疑问句 + 第一选项(+ 第二选项)+ or + 第三选项？ 2)选择疑问句的结构与特殊疑问句相同,即要具体回答,不可以用yes / no回答。如： Is your friend a boy or a girl? –A girl. (----你的朋友是男孩还是女孩？----是女孩。) / Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? –Tea, please. (---你要哪一样咖啡还是茶？----请来茶吧。) / Which do you like best, singing, dancing or skating? --Dancing, of course. (----唱歌、跳舞和溜冰你最喜欢哪样？----当然是跳舞啦！)
5、祈使句：祈使句用来表示请求、命令等。它的主语you往往不说出。
▲祈使句的肯定式： 动词(原形) + 其他 如：Please give me a hand. (请帮忙) / Shut up!
(住嘴！)
▲祈使句的否定式： Don‘t +动词原形 + 其他 如：Please don‘t talk in low voices. (请不要低声讲话。) / Don‘t look back! (不要掉头看。)
[注意] 以“let‘s”引出的祈使句的否定结构,“not”应放在“let‘s”后面。如：Let‘s not trouble him. (我们不要打扰他。)
肯定祈使句前可以用助动词来加强语气。如：Please do help me! (请千万帮帮我。)
6、感叹句：感叹句用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情。句末常用“！”
▲对含有形容词的名词短语感叹的结构通常是： What + (a /an) + (形容词) +名词+ 陈述句结构(主谓语) ,用来强调句子中的名词,如：What a good, kind girl (she is)! (她是多么善良的好女孩！) / What bad weather (it is)! (天气真糟糕！)
▲仅对形容词或副词进行感叹的结构通常是：How + 形容词/副词 + 陈述句结构(主谓语) ,用来强调句子中的形容词、副词或动词。How carefully the old man walks! (这老人走路真小心！) / How delicious the food is! (这食品真好吃！) / How beautiful! (真美呀！)
▲有时,陈述句、祈使句、疑问句、一个词或词组,也带有一定的感情色彩,也可以成为感叹句,此时未必使用感叹句型。He is sitting on a tiger‘s back! (他坐在老虎的背上！) / A nice shot! (漂亮一击！) / Good goal! (好球！)
十一、句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语 1、主语：
(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的，主语是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么，表示句子说的是“什么人”，或”什么事“，如“我写字”中的“我”，做出写字这个动作。“写”则是谓语，“字”是宾语，是接受谓语“写”这个动作的对象，因此是宾语。如：The painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。) / To see is to believe. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。)
(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。如：It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey. (在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。) / Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的身体不利。)（比较好看，避免头重脚轻）
(3)口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略：(It is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。)/ (It) doesn‘t matter. ((那)没有关系。) / (I) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。)
(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词：The man looks worried, doesn‘t he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗？) / Tigers are dangerous animals, aren‘t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗？)
(5)祈使句一般省略主语。加主语时往往用来指定某个人。Keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。) (省略了主语) / You go there and fetch me a glass of water. (你去给我弄一杯水来。)
(6)主语一般在句首,但在问句中会处于第二位和句尾；倒装句及there be句型主语在动词之后。如：Computers are made in this factory. (计算机生产于这家工厂。) / Where are they? (他们在哪儿？) / Does the boy like staying home? (这个男孩喜欢呆在家里吗？) (7)主语与谓语必须保持单、复数的一致, 而谓语与表语或宾语之间没有这一要求。Neither Jim nor Rose has passed the exam. (Jim和Rose都没有通过考试。) / The Chinese people are a hardworking and brave people. (中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。)